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Mornen noir
Mornen noir is a red French wine grape variety that was historically grown in both the Rhône and Loire departments but is today only found in very limited plantings around the commune of Chavanay. It was thought that the grape was growing in Hungary under the names ''Kékmedoc'' and ''Medoc noir'' but DNA analysis has confirmed that the Hungarian plantings are actually a separate variety now known as Menoir. DNA profiling has also revealed a potential parent-offspring relationship between Mornen noir and Chasselas and at one time Mornen noir was thought to be a dark-berried color mutation of Chasselas. While ampelographers have confirmed that Mornen noir is not a color mutation, the grape's exact relationship with Chasselas has not yet been determined.〔J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 663 Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2〕
==History==
The first mention Mornen noir growing in eastern France dates to 1872 but the exact origins of the grape are not clear. In 1902, L. Rougier, an ampelographer writing for Pierre Viala and Victor Vermorel's catalog of grape varieties speculated that Mornen noir was indigenous to the western Rhône-Alpes region in the area between the Rhone and upper Loire rivers. Rougier noted that the name ''Mornen noir'' is likely a derivative of the commune Mornant where the grape has been historically grown along with Chasselas.〔
The close connection between Chasselas and Mornen noir lead to the speculation that Mornen noir was a dark-berried color mutation of Chasselas, which is known as Mornen blanc in the Mâconnais region of Burgundy. However, while DNA profiling has confirmed that the two varieties are distinct and not color mutations of one or the other, the evidence does strongly suggest that a parent-offspring relationship exist between the two grapes. A discovery in the Savoie wine region, where Chasselas is widely grown, that plantings of an old variety known as ''Montruchon'' in a conservation vineyard ran by Domaine Grisard were, in fact, Mornen noir also strongly suggest a relationship between the two varieties.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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